OVERVIEW
Functional anatomy of bone
Gastone Marotti
- Introduction
- Histogenesis
- Macroscopic features
- Microscopic structure
- Bone cell functional relationships and signaling
- Conclusions
- References
Physiology of the bone
Alberto Angeli, Andrea Dovio
- Introduction
- Bone structure and function
- Bone turnover - The remodeling cycle
.- Bone turnover - Biochemical markers
- Bone turnover - Histomorphometry
- Regulation of osteoclast number and activity
- Regulation of osteoblast number and activity
- Osteoimmunology
- Hematopoietic stem cell niche and cross-talk between bone cells and stem cells
- Bone as the calcium reserve
- An overview of osteoporosis
- Conclusions
- References
Physiopathology of bone metastases
Francesco Bertoldo, Emanuela Flamini, Daniele Santini, Toni Ibrahim
- Introduction
- Bone metastasis beginning and development
- Origin of evident osteolytic lesion
- Pathogenesis of osteoblastic lesions
- References
SPECIFIC ISSUES
Primitive bone tumors
- Roberto Casadei, Mario Mercuri
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Imaging diagnosis
- Biopsy and anatomopathological diagnosis
- Clinical manifestations
- Staging
- Treatments
- Conclusions
- References
BONE METASTASES
Natural history and epidemiology
Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu
- Introduction
- Bone metastases
- Conclusions
- References
Imaging diagnosis
Lorenzo Faggioni, Davide Caramella, Carlo Bartolozzi
- Introduction
- Conventional X-ray
- Computed tomography
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Conclusions
- References
Anatomopathological diagnosis
Franco Bertoni, Patrizia Bacchini, Krishnan Unni
- Introduction
- Cytological diagnosis: medullary aspirate and bone aspirate
- Histological diagnosis: bone marrow and bone biopsy
- Biomolecular characterization
- Problems in diagnosis and conclusions
- References
Clinical manifestation
Toni Ibrahim, Laura Mercatali, Roberto Casadei, Roberto Sabbatini
- Introduction
- Pain
- Pathological fractures
- Spinal cord compression
- Hypercalcemia
- Medullary suppression
- Systemic effects
- Conclusions
- References
Pain and bone metastases
Oscar Corli, Marco Maltoni
- Introduction and epidemiological aspects
- Pathophysiology of metastatic bone pain
- Pharmacotherapy for cancer pain
- Nonpharmacological treatments
- Breakthrough pain or episodic pain
- Conclusions
- References
Pharmacological treatment
Valentina Guarneri, Federica Bertolini, Stefano Cascinu, Toni Ibrahim
- Introduction
- Specific antitumor treatment
- Specific bone metastases treatment
- Medical treatment of spinal cord compression
- Medical treatment of hypercalcemia
- Medical treatment of medullar suppression
- Conclusions
- References
Radiotherapy of bone metastases
Filippo Bertoni, Paolo Antognoni
- Introduction
- Radical treatment
- Palliative treatment and prevention of bone complications
- Conclusions
- References
Nuclear medicine
Giovanni Paganelli, Concetta De Cicco
- Introduction
- Diagnostic imaging
- Radiometabolic treatment
- Conclusions
- References
Interventional radiology
Filippo Calzolari, Valeria Allegra Pupillo, Enrico Petrella
- Introduction
- CT-guided biopsy
- Cementoplasty
- Percutaneous vertebroplasty
- Kyphoplasty
- Embolization
- Radiofrequency thermoablation
- Other procedures
- Locoregional therapy
- Conclusions
- References
Surgical treatment
Roberto Casadei
- Introduction
- Vertebral column
- Pelvis
- Limbs
- Conclusions
- References
Rehabilitation treatment
Maria Rosa Strada, Raffaella Palumbo, Giovanni Bernardo
- Introduction
- Rehabilitation of patients with vertebral column disease
- Rehabilitation of patients with upper extremity disease
- Rehabilitation of patients with hip and lower extremity disease
- Conclusions
- References
Bone metastases of unknown origin
Roberto Sabbatini, Stefano Cascinu, Alessia Ferrari, Toni Ibrahim
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Diagnosis
- Therapy
- Conclusions
- References
BONE HEALTH IN OSTEO-ONCOLOGY
Cancer treatment-induced bone loss
Antonio Frassoldati
- Introduction
- Endocrine therapies and bone loss in breast cancer
- Endocrine therapies and bone loss in prostate cancer
- Management of cancer treatment-induced bone loss
- Conclusions
- References
RESEARCH AND PATIENT MANAGEMENT IN OSTEO-ONCOLOGY
Research in osteo-oncology
- Epidemiology
Lauro Bucchi, Toni Ibrahim
- Introduction
- Descriptive epidemiology
- Analytical epidemiology
I- ncidence of metachronous metastases
- Population-based clinical epidemiology
- Hospital-based clinical epidemiology
- Epidemiology of cancer pain
- Metastatic cancer outcomes research
- Economics of metastatic cancer
- Health services research
Biological studies
Emanuela Scarpi, Emanuela Flamini
- Diagnostic studies
- Introduction
- Study designs for diagnostic tests
- Study design of target oriented diagnostic tests
- ROC curve and area under the curve
- Critical evaluation of the evidence about diagnostic tests
- Preclinical pharmacology
- Introduction and overview
- Regulatory requirements
- Preclinical drug development
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology/drug safety
- Drug formulation development
- Research of prognostic and predictive factors
- Biological studies in osteo-oncology
- From bone reabsorption markers to therapeutic targets in bone metastasis
- From preclinical studies to clinical trials
- Endothelin-1
- Cathepsin K
Phases of clinical trials
Oriana Nanni, Patrizia Serra
- Introduction
- Phase I
- Phase II
- Phase III
- Phase IV
- Methodology of clinical research in patients with bone metastases
- Pain assessment
- Quality of life assessment
- Bone pain and quality of life in bone oncology
- Conclusions
- References
Multidisciplinary organization models in osteo-oncology
Toni Ibrahim, Laura Mercatali, Emanuele Sacanna, Nicola Calipari
- Introduction
- Management of primary bone cancers
- Management of bone metastases
- Conclusions
- References
Glossary
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