History and morality. Values and time. Subjective factor in history

The content and meaning of history as a process, its descriptions and researches are considered on the basis of the notion of subjectivity as synonymous with evaluation and goal-setting. As applied to human society, these phenomena, essential for all living nature, are described through the concept of “morality”, which in its broad sense covers the whole sphere of choices, determinable by reason and value. The approach to history as a process of development, in which external factors and cognizing subject interact, is shown through characteristics of separate aspects of human activity, through the idea of economic, social, political, cultural (spiritual) evolution of society. “Morality” ultimately serves as a mechanism of species adaptation and co-improvement of man, the embodiment and field of which is history.